Publications
Evidence with a purpose.
Reports, policy briefs, press releases, books, and public commentary in one searchable archive.
The economic impact of early retirement of coal-fired power plants
A study by Yayasan Indonesia CERAH and CELIOS found that the early retirement of coal-fired power plants (PLTUs), replaced by renewable energy plants, is more economically beneficial. Bhima Yudhistira, CELIOS Executive Director, stated, “The scenario of retiring coal-fired PLTUs alongside the development of renewable energy plants could contribute IDR 82.6 trillion to the economy, create 639,000 jobs, and reduce poverty by 153,755 people nationwide.” Agung Budiono from CERAH added, “Between early retirement
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Indonesia's energy transition readiness index
The readiness of Indonesian regions to transition from high-carbon energy to renewable energy remains uneven. CELIOS’ study, “Indonesia's Energy Transition Readiness Index,” found that “90% of provinces in Indonesia are not adequately prepared, with around 70% (24 provinces) at medium readiness and 20% (7 provinces) at low readiness,” said Media Wahyudi Askar, CELIOS Director of Public Policy. Regional readiness is influenced by per capita energy consumption, women’s involvement, and levels of climate and energy vulnerability.
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The positive effects of the green economy transition on economic indicators
Jakarta, December 19, 2023— The transition to a green economy is expected to have a significant impact on Indonesia, contributing up to IDR 2,943 trillion to GDP over the next 10 years and creating up to 19.4 million new jobs. A study by CELIOS and Greenpeace Indonesia shows that this transformation could also increase worker income by up to IDR 902.2 trillion and reduce inequality between provinces. CELIOS Executive Director Bhima Yudhistira emphasized the role of the government and private sector in supporting
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CIPP JETP responses from CSO
The CSO coalition considers the CIPP JETP document half-hearted in its support for a just energy transition. CELIOS Executive Director Bhima Yudhistira emphasized, “Some coal-fired power plants (PLTU) slated for early retirement, namely PLTU Cirebon-1, are already included in the ETM scheme. So it seems there is no real intention to actually close coal-fired power plants. JETP is unclear; the original plan to retire coal-fired power plants is simply not being pursued seriously.” Leonard Simanjuntak from Greenpeace added that the docume
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CSO white paper on the JETP plan
Jakarta, 26 October 2023— Civil society launched a white paper in response to Indonesia’s planned JETP investment document, highlighting issues of justice, governance, and implementation. CELIOS Executive Director Bhima Yudhistira emphasized, “The point is to create more fiscal space and shift incentives that have so far benefited extractive and fossil fuel companies toward supporting the energy transition.” Bhima also stressed the importance of local government’s role in a just energy transition: “Local g
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National survey: energy transition expectations for the 2024 presidential candidates
This study explored Indonesian public perceptions of the climate crisis, the role of government, presidential candidates’ commitments, and the role of mass media. The findings show that 81% of the public agree that the government should declare a climate emergency, with the strongest support in urban areas and among people aged 15–34. However, 60% believe the government has yet to formulate policies to prevent the climate crisis. The online media outlets most active in covering environmental issues are CNN Indonesia and Seputar Indonesia (
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Impact of coal-fired power plant closures on local communities: workers, SMEs, and regional revenue
Jakarta, July 18, 2023—CELIOS and Yayasan Indonesia CERAH highlighted the importance of local government involvement in the launch of JETP. Bhima Yudhistira, CELIOS Director, stated, “For example, around 4,666 direct workers, both permanent and non-permanent, will be affected by the closure of coal-fired power plants in Langkat, Cilacap, and Probolinggo. This does not yet include indirect workers, namely MSME operators around the power plant sites, as well as workers at coal source locations.” Muhamm
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Public opinion survey on the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP)
The USD 20 billion Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) funding commitment faces challenges due to low public awareness. A CELIOS survey of 1,245 respondents found that “public understanding of JETP is still very low and tends to be concentrated in certain regions and economic classes,” said Bhima Yudhistira. JETP is better understood in Bali, while communities affected by coal-fired power plants (PLTU) should be actively involved before the launch of the Comprehensive Inv
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Critical points in energy transition financing: JETP and ETM
Indonesia secured significant energy transition funding commitments at the G20 Summit in Bali, including the JETP and ETM schemes, worth USD 20 billion and USD 250-300 million, respectively. CELIOS highlighted several technical issues, such as project transparency, public involvement, and lessons from South Africa’s JETP experience. “The first six months of the JETP are crucial. Public participation, especially by those affected by the energy transition, must be a government priority,” the CELIOS report stated. Early retirement program for coal-fired power plants
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