PLTU batu bara captive adalah pembangkit listrik yang dimiliki oleh swasta dan digunakan khusus untuk kebutuhan operasi industri, biasanya berada di kawasan industri yang dilindungi, sehingga pengawasan publik dan regulasi terhadapnya terbatas.
Belakangan, investor China membangun banyak PLTU captive di Indonesia melalui Belt and Road Initiative, meskipun China pada 2021 berkomitmen menghentikan pembangunan PLTU captive di luar negaranya lewat Green BRI. Proyek yang masih berjalan di Indonesia pun minim sorotan publik.
PLTU ini menimbulkan risiko lingkungan dan ekonomi, termasuk aset terdampar, biaya modal meningkat, dan produk yang kurang diterima pasar internasional, berdampak pada Indonesia maupun investor China. Mengingat potensi energi terbarukan di Indonesia besar, ada urgensi untuk menghentikan pembangunan PLTU captive, meski regulasi transisi dari batubara masih lemah.
Captive coal-fired power plants (PLTU) are privately owned facilities used exclusively for industrial operations, often located in protected industrial zones, which has resulted in limited public oversight and regulatory attention.
Recently, Chinese investors have built many captive power plants in Indonesia under the Belt and Road Initiative, despite China committing in 2021 to stop constructing such plants abroad under its Green BRI. Ongoing projects in Indonesia have received little public scrutiny.
These plants pose environmental and economic risks, including stranded assets, higher capital costs, and reduced international market acceptance, affecting both Indonesia and Chinese investors. With Indonesia’s renewable energy potential, there is urgency to halt captive coal plants, but weak coal transition regulations remain a key challenge.
