Why Food Estates Are Not the Answer for Food and Energy Security

A new CELIOS report reveals that the Merauke food estate and bioethanol program could cost more than US$11 billion, while posing major risks to forests, local communities, and public governance. The study argues that Indonesia should prioritize cleaner, more cost-effective pathways to strengthen long-term food and energy resilience.

Recent Publications

Bhima Yudhistira Adhinegara, Executive Director of CELIOS, has submitted a written expert

Indonesia is facing multiple simultaneous shocks—including the depreciation of the rupiah, rising

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