A new CELIOS report reveals that the Merauke food estate and bioethanol program could cost more than US$11 billion, while posing major risks to forests, local communities, and public governance. The study argues that Indonesia should prioritize cleaner, more cost-effective pathways to strengthen long-term food and energy resilience.
Disasters are intensifying across Indonesia, yet the 2026 budget for the National
Key Findings from CELIOS Memo #MBG Series 6
CELIOS has released its latest research on the economic and health costs
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