Merah-Putih Village Cooperatives: A Study on Implementation, Reform, and Policy Alternatives

Program Koperasi Desa Merah Putih (Kopdes MP) ddigulirkan dengan jargon pemberdayaan desa dan janji peningkatan ekonomi desa. Namun, temuan penelitian ini justru menyingkap sisi lain dari program ini: potensi jebakan birokrasi, beban utang, penyempitan ruang fiskal desa, hingga kepentingan politik yang tersembunyi. Berdasarkan data primer di berbagai wilayah, mayoritas perangkat desa menolak skema pembiayaan Kopdes MP, mengkhawatirkan praktik korupsi, hingga mencium risiko konflik sosial dan mobilisasi politik elektoral. Estimasi bahkan menunjukkan potensi kebocoran anggaran hingga Rp60 juta per desa per tahun, dengan sebagian dana desa berisiko mengalir ke sektor ekonomi bawah tanah.

Di tengah kompleksitas tersebut, kebutuhan utama masyarakat desa tetap sederhana: akses terhadap lapangan kerja yang layak. Laporan ini merekomendasikan penataan ulang program pemberdayaan koperasi desa dengan menekankan pada diversifikasi skema pembiayaan, penguatan balai latihan kerja, transparansi anggaran, serta partisipasi otentik warga desa. Laporan ini sekaligus hadir sebagai peringatan dini: desa tidak boleh direduksi menjadi objek proyek politik berkedok pemberdayaan, melainkan harus menjadi pusat pembangunan yang benar-benar berorientasi pada kesejahteraan warganya.

The Merah Putih Village Cooperative (Kopdes MP) program was rolled out under the banner of village empowerment and the promise of strengthening local economies. Yet, this study uncovers another side of the initiative: potential bureaucratic traps, mounting debt burdens, shrinking fiscal space for villages, and hidden political interests. Drawing on primary data from multiple regions, the findings reveal that a majority of village officials reject Kopdes MP’s financing scheme, express concern over possible corruption, and detect risks of social conflict as well as electoral mobilization. Estimates further suggest potential budget leakages of up to IDR 60 million per village per year, with portions of village funds at risk of flowing into the underground economy.

Amid this complexity, the fundamental need of rural communities remains clear: access to decent employment opportunities. This report calls for a restructuring of village cooperative empowerment programs, emphasizing diversified financing schemes, stronger vocational training centers, transparent budgeting, and genuine community participation. Above all, it serves as an early warning: villages must not be reduced to political projects disguised as empowerment. Instead, they should be positioned as the heart of development—fully oriented toward the well-being of their people.

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